ABAP Objects Getting Started

ABAP Objects Getting Started

ABAP Objects Development and Programming

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ABAP Objects Overview

ABAP Objects is an Object-Oriented extension to the ABAP Programming language and was introduced on SAP Basis Release 4.5.

SAP Release 4.6 delivered the complete version of ABAP Objects with the introduction of Inheritance.

ABAP Objects is indicated for those who want to guarantee agility during initial development, minimize effort on modifications and rework, and be able to enhance existing applications and create complex applications in a simple way...

The principal features of ABAP Objects are:

• Encapsulation

• Instantiation

• Inheritance

• Interfacing

• Events 

...The ABAP runtime support for both procedural and ABAP Objects programming models enables you to use ABAP objects in any program. I.e. in executable programs, module pools, function pools etc. This enables you to use new techniques based on ABAP Objects, such as interfaces, without the need to completely rewrite your existing code.

In OO Programming the only structuring units are classes. Instead of working with global data, you work with objects, which are instances of classes. These objects encapsulate the state and behavior of self-contained parts of the application.

The application state is represented by attributes, that supersede the global variables in the classic procedural approach.

The application behavior is determined by methods, that modify the objects attributes, or call methods of other objects.

Although a pure OO world is technically possible with the SAP environment, most real-world implementations use a mixture of procedural ABAP and ABAP Objects.

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Sample

Class Definition

*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       CLASS main DEFINITION
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS main DEFINITION.

  PUBLIC SECTION.

    METHODS add_data IMPORTING i_data TYPE i.

    METHODS get_data RETURNING VALUE(e_data) TYPE char20.

  PRIVATE SECTION.

    DATA attribute TYPE char01.

ENDCLASS.

Class Implementation

*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       CLASS main IMPLEMENTATION
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS main IMPLEMENTATION.

  METHOD add_data.

    ADD i_data TO attribute.

  ENDMETHOD.

  METHOD get_data.

    CONCATENATE 'Attribute value' attribute
                               INTO e_data SEPARATED BY space.

  ENDMETHOD.

ENDCLASS.

Object Reference Creation

DATA: object_reference TYPE REF TO main.

Object Instatiation ( Object Creation )

START-OF-SELECTION.

CREATE OBJECT object_reference.

Calling Methods

DATA: var TYPE char20. CALL METHOD object_reference->add_data( i_data = 3 ).

var = object_reference->get_data(  ).

WRITE var.

The Attribute Value Is Printed

" Attribute value 3 "

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Object Oriented

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  Object Oriented

Frequently Asked Questions

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  ABAP Objects Frequently Asked Questions

Guidelines

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  ABAP Objects Guidelines

Templates & Demos

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  ABAP Objects Examples

ABAP Objects Projects

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  ABAP Objects Projects

Share Memory Enable (SHMA)

• Page:
  ABAP Objects Share Memory Enable (SHMA)

Runtime Type Services (RTTS)

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  Runtime Type Services (RTTS)

ABAP Unit

• Page:
  ABAP Unit

Bibliography

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  ABAP Objects Bibliography

Interesting References / Links

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  ABAP Objects Interesting References Links